Do High-Stakes Assessments Improve Learning Essay

Do High-Stakes Assessments Improve Learning - Essay Example 5), of which high-stakes assessment was deemed crucial in improving student achievement and learning. However, various studies have revealed contradictory results regarding its effect on students’ academic performance. Do High-Stakes Assessments Improve Learning? One, therefore, contends that high-stakes assessment does not improve the overall achievement and learning of students. Proponents of high-stakes assessment argue that â€Å"when faced with large incentives and threatening punishments, administrators, teachers, and students, it is believed, will take schooling more seriously and work harder to obtain rewards and avoid humiliating punishments† (Nichols, Glass, & Berliner, 2005, p. 1). ... ssessments implemented in various educational institutions throughout the United States have apparently generated contradictory results (Nichols, Glass, & Berliner, 2005; Amrein & Berliner, 2002). The study conducted by Nichols, Glass, & Berliner (2005) revealed that â€Å"there is no convincing evidence that the pressure associated with high-stakes testing leads to any important benefits for students’ achievement† (p. iii). This finding was corroborated in the study made by Amrein & Berliner (2002) which disclosed that â€Å"there is inadequate evidence to support the proposition that high-stakes tests and high school graduation exams increase student achievement. The data presented in this study suggest that after the implementation of high-stakes tests, nothing much happens† (p. 57). A closer evaluation of the reasons why high stakes assessment do not seem to apparently improve learning since high-stakes assessment were reported to be closely linked to ‘ pressure’ that contributes to an apparent temporary or superficial increase in academic achievement ratings. As emphasized by Supovitz (2010), â€Å"high-stakes testing does motivate educators, but responses are often superficial. In the best cases, high-stakes testing has focused instruction toward important and developmentally appropriate literacy and numeracy skills—but at the expense of a narrower curricular experience for students and a steadier diet of test preparation activities in classrooms, particularly in low-performing schools, which are the targets of test-based accountability† (par. 10). This fact was supported by Nichols, Glass, & Berliner (2005) who indicated that â€Å"high-stakes testing pressure might produce effects only at the simplest level of the school curriculum: primary school arithmetic,

Frito Lay Essay Example for Free

Frito Lay Essay For many years computer scientists have developed systems which have complete intelligence. However, not all of these programs are actually intelligent although virtually all of them have inputs which correspond to senses, choices of actions according to response rules, as well as the capability of acting either as graphics or as text outputs. Majority of the artificial intelligent systems have the potential of memorizing experiences as well as the ability to learn. This paper therefore examines decision support systems and the artificial support systems in the way they were made use of in Frito Lay. The paper compares and contrasts the various types of decision support systems and artificial intelligence systems in relation to the ones which were implemented by Frito Lay. Tale of Contents Introduction 4 Decision Support Systems (DSS) 4 Types of Decision Support Systems 6 Artificial Intelligence Systems 8 Types of Artificial Intelligence 9 Conclusion 10 Reference 11 Introduction Many organizations such as Frito Lay would want to have unlimited access to more information which would help them in determining the way they operate and manage their organizations. They would like access to real time and updated information which they can use to run their organizations more effectively. This information helps them compare organizational inputs, processes as well as outcomes during a particular period of time. Still, organizations like Frito Lay need longitudinal information which permits them to anticipate their future organizational needs. The implication here is that organizations need to undertake data-driven decision making; a feat which can be achieved by the use of decision support systems (National Forum on Education Statistics, 2006, p. 9). Decision Support Systems (DSS) Organizations have realized that the only guaranteed way to get the right data within the reach of those charged with decision making is to invest in a decision support system as a solution to their needs pertaining to information management. To venture into decision support systems is likely to be more beneficial compared to the cost of such an investment (National Forum on Education Statistics, 2006, p. 9). The implication here is that purchasing a decision support system would imply heavy financial and operational commitments since it would involve hardware and software costs (Gregor Benbasat, 1999, pp. 497-530). Decision support systems are very complicated with regards to the way they manage data as well as their technology architecture. This complexity is sometimes aggravated by conflicting information from the field of technology. Still some ambiguity may result from description as well as the inability to clearly differentiate concepts which are related in a particular way like data mart and data warehouses. At times, this confusion could arise from the vendors who may not be willing to differentiate the products they are dealing in with other prevailing systems in the market. This implies that possibly there are various types of decision support systems (National Forum on Education Statistics, 2006, p. 9). One of the systems which were embraced by Michael Jordan, the new CEO who took over Frito-Lay on the brink of collapse was the state whereby control of decision making on issues like promotions and product mix were concentrated at the headquarters. This implies that the systems Frito-Lay instituted were those of tightly controlling strategy execution. The system included among others the position of accounts manager while the sales force was segmented. Still the company had a system where handheld computers (HHC) were used as an information system tool in supporting managerial decision making. In other words Frito Lay implemented a system of micromarketing (Harvard Business School, 2001). The other system which was implemented by Frito Lay involved the subdivision of domestic operations into several geographic areas known as the Frito-Lay Market Areas (FLMAs). In this system, the company developed profit and loss accounts which provided approximated costs, revenues and contribution margins before taxes for all the areas (Harvard Business School, 2001). In this regard and in the data generated by these analyses, the company embarked on a process of organization wide quality improvement in which case emphasis was laid on identifying the 10 non-performing FMLAs to be improved. The final system embraced by Frito Lay was the system building information infrastructure. In this case, the company implemented a chain of IT projects under the name Pipeline Project in support of operation process redesign within across the functional units. In line with this system, the company equally implemented a system aimed at redesigning managerial processes; the structures and decisions which directed the way the company operated (Harvard Business School, 2001). A decision support system is not merely a system capable of manipulating data and supporting decision making. For instance, an enhanced user interface which allows querying and analysis of a unit database cannot be considered a decision support system (Gregor Benbasat, 1999, pp. 497-530). Still, a spreadsheet application having advanced ‘if/then’ characteristics does also not qualify to be called a decision support system. At the same time, a database management system (DBMS) which allows a user to select and analyze information within one database for the purposes of reporting and analysis equally does not qualify to be called a decision support system for the simple reason that it does not integrate many databases (National Forum on Education Statistics, 2006, p. 9). Types of Decision Support Systems Data warehouse and data mart are the two terms which have always been confused with decision support systems. However, these terms are different although they could be similar in terms of terminology and concept. A data warehouse is a central repository where all information or a proportion of the information collected by an enterprise is collected (National Forum on Education Statistics, 2006, p. 12). What is emphasized by data warehousing is the storage of data from various sources though it does not in general concern itself with the intended user the way a decision support would. This implies that data warehousing plays the role of querying and reporting large combinations of data as opposed to querying and analyzing data. (Gregor Benbasat, 1999, pp. 497-530). In addition, the core purpose of data warehouse is to permit access to historical or transactional data in their fundamental format such as tables as opposed to distilling data into some format which allows for in-depth analysis. A data mart is more or less similar to a data warehouse in the sense that it acts as a repository for data, although such data could be limited in scope depending on the subject, function or even user group (National Forum on Education Statistics, 2006, p. 12). One component of a decision support system is data quality. In fact data can is said to be the foundation of any decision support system meaning that high quality data is useful for decision-making as seen in the case of Frito Lay. Besides the data should be valid reliable and timely (Gregor Benbasat, 1999, pp. 497-530). It is important to note that as is applicable to any data-based system, the quality of information generated by the decision support system is influenced by the quality of data which originally went into the system. Thus, probably the single most important way of ensuring that high quality managerial data is collected and maintained is to consistently apply standard terms and business guidelines all over the organization (National Forum on Education Statistics, 2006, p. 16). The other type pf decision support system is the hardware, software and the data management procedures. As seen in Frito Lay, a decision support system is not a unitary piece of technology like a database or even a network (National Forum on Education Statistics, 2006, p. 17). Instead, it is a system that incorporates and integrates disparate data sources with the intention of permitting decision-makers to have access to and store data in a way useful to them. Therefore, the technology associated with a DSS would be influenced by the preexisting technology and data architecture of the organization. Artificial Intelligence Systems As earlier stated, artificial intelligence systems in most cases have the capacity of storing experiences along with the ability of learning. Occasionally, the brain fails to do the action instantly though it makes use of the imagination it has. The brain identifies a response criterion and establishes what situation arises from the action (Gregor Benbasat, 1999, pp. 497-530). It then identifies again an action pertaining to this new situation and established the most likely outcome (Robot, 2007). Therefore it can choose not only a response criterion but also a complete plan of action. This calls for the programmer to design various functions of the intelligent system as program functions which are also known as sub programs. A robot as an example of an intelligent system operates in an interesting way. The robot senses transmit information to the brain where the brain verifies if it has concept for the information it has received (Gregor Benbasat, 1999, pp. 497-530). Otherwise, it creates a composite concept having the different sense information as partitions. What follows is the brain building up the prevailing situation from these concepts. A different domain of the brain checks in the memory to find out any response criterion for this condition before selecting the appropriate response rule and sending the action to the limbs for action (Robot, 2007). During the beginning of the ‘life’ of the robot, its memory is void of concepts and responses. However, each time the robot experiences something; it stores a new response criterion having the present situation (Gregor Benbasat, 1999, pp. 497-530). This implies that when the brain is not active, that is when it is ‘asleep’ it evaluates those response criteria while making generalizations implying that it is now equipped with response criteria which can be applied to a variety of situations. Questions have been asked pertaining to the possibility of using artificial neural nets to achieve the functioning of the brain (Robot, 2007). However, for a computer, concepts and response criterion achieves more efficiency than neural nets. Just writing a computer program which is an intelligent system and running within a computer with an output on a screen is not sufficient. It is important to build complete systems capable of acting in the natural environment of the human being. Apparently, to be of use such a program would need to have an intelligence similar in a way to that of man. This would signify the need for limbs and senses in order to enable it have same experiences and develop concepts for action similar in a way to that of man (Robot, 2007). Types of Artificial Intelligence Artificial or machine intelligence is the kind of ‘knowledge’ exhibited by any gadget manufactured by man. In most cases, it is hypothetically used to imply computers meant for general purposes though it could equally refer to scientific investigation. It could also refer to the intelligence of an artificial device (Gregor Benbasat, 1999, pp. 497-530). What need to be noted however are the various types of artificial intelligence that are available. Strong artificial intelligence is concerned with creating some kind of intelligence capable of reasoning. Reasoning in this case being the ability to evaluate and derive a conclusion a certain premise (EconomicExpert, 2009). The other is the weak artificial intelligence which is concerned with creating computer based intelligence capable of reasoning and solving problems on a limited basis. Such a device would at times operate as if it was intelligence but it wouldn’t have true intelligence (EconomicExpert, 2009). Testing such a device would require a turing test; an idea of testing the capability of a machine to undertake a conversation like man. Artificial intelligence has several fields; one of which is natural languages. Natural languages are used to draw a distinction between the languages spoken by man and the languages used in computer programming (Gregor Benbasat, 1999, pp. 497-530). Conclusion From this analysis it is evident that decision support systems are increasingly becoming important in modern day organizations such as Frito Lay. Depending on the configurations they have, decision support systems are powerful tools which organizations can embrace to address variety of questions about organizational performance, management, operations and policy-making (National Forum on Education Statistics, 2006, p. 14). For instance Frito Lay should embrace an appropriate IT infrastructure changes as a shift from the traditional management reporting procedures the company has long been undertaking. This implies that the company implemented an IT strategy aimed at delivering more focused and timely information which was informed by an improved understanding of the business processes. Reference EconomicExpert. (2009). Artificial Intelligence Retrieved January 13 2009 from http://www. economicexpert. com/a/Artificial:intelligence. htm Gregor, S. , and Benbasat, I. (1999). Explanations from intelligent systems: Theoretical foundations and implications for practice, Mis Quarterly 23 (4) pp. 497-530. Harvard Business School. (2001). Frito-Lay, Inc. : a Strategic Transition, 1987-1992 (Abridged). The McGraw-Hill Companies National Forum on Education Statistics. (2006). Forum Guide to Decision. Support Systems: A Resource for Educators. U. S. Department of Education, Washington DC: National Center for Education Statistics, pp. 1-34. Retrieved January 13, 2009 from http://nces. ed. gov/pubs2006/2006807. pdf. Robot, A. H. (2007). Artificial Intelligence Systems. New Horizons Press. Retrieved January 13, 2009 from http://www. intelligent-systems. com. ar/intsyst/artis. htm

SMS or a MESS Essay -- miscellaneous

SMS or a 'MESS' As the technology is breeding over, mobile services and its application has entered day-to-day bustle. Once a luxury has become an acute inevitability. The positive influence is that it is affordable, best means of communication and contact, messaging service, encompassing range and its shape & size. All is fine until it knocks our door heavily. But, irony is that we use the technology not because of its adequacy. Instead our dimensions are diminishing and degrading with the way we are bestowing it. As you can see the above conversation, none of the words are complete except "Hi", and some of them seem to be senseless. Its a cruel truth that SMS-Short Messaging Service is growing from Short to Shorter and Shorter to Shortest. And what are we conceding in all this is a big question. What triggered me to write all this were two scenarios. a)My tutor during a conversation said an examination answer sheet comprised of some short forms that are used in SMS. b)After this, I kept watching all the mails I receive and some of the chat sessions I had with my family and friends. If we could provoke further, the results are alarming. An examination paper with short terms instead of formal, complete answers and our normal day-to-day conversations are no more in complete forms. 'SMS' was the term introduced for the mobile services with restricted display. But, what is actually stopping us in using the complete, sensible, flawless and meaningful sentences a...

Affermative Action Essay -- Affirmative Action Essays

Affirmative Action   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Affirmative Action efforts were started in 1964 to end the long history of overlooking qualified people of color and women from higher education. Affirmative Action sets standards for a business or office of admissions, so that a white man does not have the upper-hand over an equally or greater educated minority. The initial way the government tried to justify Affirmative Action was to develop a human resource approach: first identifying the problem, which is racism then establishing the solution (Phillips 67).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The intent of Affirmative Action helps cut down discrimination in the work place and in schools, despite the fact that some believe that affirmative action is a form of reverse discrimination. In contrast, the first goal of Affirmative Action was to help people who were poor or badly educated, elevating them to positions for which they were not objectively qualified (Buckley 95). Cousens, author of Public Civil Rights Agencies and Fair Employment indicates that the Affirmative Action techniques have the advantage of not only persuading employers not to discriminate when hiring or accepting, but to expand employment and educational opportunities for minority groups (22). Therefore, Affirmative Action is legitimate because it does reduce discrimination in the work place and related areas such as University acceptance of college students. In the end, it should in no way be abolished.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  However, Affirmative action is highly controversial. Right now Proposition 209, in California which bans all programs involving race and sex preferences run by the state, has passed but it will not be put into total action due to some questions of constitutionality (Ayres 34). The law will start slowly first, ending Affirmative Action in the schools of California, leading up to the abolishment of Affirmative Action all together. An argument was declared by Mark Rosenbaum of the Southern California Branch of the American Civil Liberties Union, â€Å" Proposition 209 should be declared unconstitutional because it singles out women and minorities and, at a time when discrimination still exists, sought to preclude them from attaining constitutionally guaranteed right, like jobs and schooling.† (Ayres 34). As R... ...Maybe the world hasn’t exactly found equality as a result, but with Affirmative Action, the world is a lot closer to equality than without it. Works Cited Applebome, Peter. â€Å"Affirmative Action Ban Changes a Law School.† New York Times   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2 July 1997: a14. Ayres, B. Drummond, Jr. â€Å"Affirmative Action Battle Moves to Courts.† New York   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Times 1 Dec. 1996: 34. Benac, Nancy. â€Å"Clinton Defends Preference Programs, Backs Reforms.† Associated   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Press Writer. . 19   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  July, 1995. Buckley, William F., Jr. â€Å"The Two Sides.† National Review 14 Oct., 1996: 95 Cousens, Frances. Public Civil Rights Agencies and Fair Employment. New York:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Praeger, 1969. Hair, Penda D. â€Å"Color Blind-or Just Blind?† Nation 14 Oct. 1996: 12. â€Å"Once to Every Man.† National Review 16 June, 1997: 12. Phillips, D. Rhys. Equality in Employment. Ottawa: Canadian Gov., 1985: 285 Porter, Horace. â€Å"Affirmative Action: 1960’s Dreams, 1990’s Realities.† Chronicle of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Higher Education. 29 Nov. 1996: B6

Misuse of power Essay

The Crucible is largely concerned with the abuse and misuse of power in Salem. Discuss with reference to any three characters. The misuse of power in The Crucible leads to horrible suffering and even the deaths of some innocent people, in the town. Some characters in the play misuse their power towards other characters; some characters misuse their power in the courtroom and some misuse their power in religion (in church). In this essay I intend to look at the misuse of power focusing on the characters of Abigail Williams, Governor Danforth and Reverend Parris. Abigail Williams Misuses her power extensively throughout the play. She has most of the adults in Salem believing that she is a sweet innocent girl and so is never accused or suspended of doing anything sinful or unlawful. She also has most of the girls of Salem obeying her, due to a mixture of respect and fear, fear of Abigail and also a fear of getting in trouble for the dancing. The women of Salem are also afraid of Abigail as she could quite easily accuse them of witchcraft with no questions asked, as she is known to be sweet and innocent. Abigail did have power over John Proctor when he was having an affair with her, as he lusted after Abigail. Although she no longer has power over John Proctor as he learns during the play what she is really like when he turns her down. In act 3 of The Crucible Abigail seems to have power over court officials. When Abigail is accusing Mary Warren of witchcraft in the courtroom, Governor Danforth begins to question Abigail. Abigail replies with shock and says that she is hurt, Governor Danforth then swiftly backs off. Abigail then begins to threaten Danforth with how hell could take him in: â€Å"think you be so mighty that the power of Hell may not turn your wits? Beware of it†. Danforth then seems to be wary of Abigail in the next reply to her, the book describes what he says as ‘apprehensively’. Danforth has began to be aware of what Abigail is doing and decided to not get in her way or upset her, as he didn’t want her to accuse him of being in contact with the Devil. If she did this it would be him on trial as well as all the others. Another point about Abigail is that she is a liar and she is very good at it. This is how she is so respected by some people and feared by others. In my opinion the reason Abigail is so manipulative and weird, and also seems to have no feeling or a conscience, is because her parents were murdered by Indians in front of her. She describes this to the girls in a hard-hearted way, which shows that her emotions have all been drained apart from her love/lust for proctor and her jealously of Elizabeth. Reverend Parris misuses his power in The Crucible because he does not think the townspeople of Salem respect his position as ‘a man of God’. The Churches power at that time was very strong and so Reverend Parris has no problem in using his power the wrong way. The way in which he misuses his power is mostly from the pulpit of the church in his sermons. He believes that the church is the authority of all people in the town. He also believes himself an authoritative figure. He believes that anyone who does not commit his or her lives to the church should be questioned. He also demands that the people of Salem are obedient to the church and himself. He says that if they are not obedient, then they will burn in hell. Reverend Parris preaching things like this in his sermon strikes fear into the townspeople, as they begin to think Hell is upon them and this causes chaos to break out, as they begin to yell and scream at one another. Reverend Parris hates to be wrong, in the courtroom even when he realised that he is wrong to accuse all the people involved, he still sticks to his beliefs however wrong they may be. Parris causes innocent peoples deaths all because of his beliefs, stubbornness, selfishness and his misuse of power. I have reached the conclusion that the characters in The Crucible do misuse their power; the two characters I chose demonstrate this theory very well. Not all the characters in the play do, but there are many characters that do. This selfish act of misusing power in The Crucible is very influential to how the plot develops. Without Abigail Williams acting like a selfish, irresponsible strumpet, or Reverend Parris being selfish and power-hungry The Crucible would have lost its whole page-turning ominous, experience.

Judy Bradys I Want a Wife Essay Essay Example

Judy Bradys I Want a Wife Essay Essay Example Judy Bradys I Want a Wife Essay Essay Judy Bradys I Want a Wife Essay Essay In Judy Brady’s â€Å"I Want a Wife† she talks about the undertakings of a coveted married woman. There are certain things and responsibilities required for a homemaker to make. Brady describes all the helpful things done for a hubby and kids without even recognizing all the duty and what she is making. No 1 of all time acknowledges that things done by a married woman can be done by person who was non a married woman. but alternatively a adult male. Judy realizes she supports her hubby so he can travel back to school. She keeps the house clean. She has to be sensitive to the demands of a adult male in general. There have been many surveies about gender functions in a matrimony. The married woman seems to make a batch. Women feel sometimes they do excessively much. Married twosomes should be able to work together. Sometime when the married woman does everything it puts a restraint on the matrimony. A matrimony non merely needs to last. but thrive. In a matrimony a hubby and married woman should be able portion the same functions as needed. Society has a sensed impression of this. Everything today in a matrimony should be able to be shifted back and Forth as needed. This is all grounds that a matrimony should be between two people who are willing to portion all household duties. It is a married couple’s duty to take control of any major jobs they may hold prior to marriage if possible. Research has shown that when work forces change functions in the household. there are many challenges for them. There seems to be many issues and jobs when the adult male in the household shows the male parent engagement Fineman ( 17 ) . For many old ages society did non cognize much about the changing of gender functions in a household. The hubby should be able to make anything when needed. Statisticss show that the effects of a fathers’ engagement with their kids can sometimes do angry reactions Kefalas ( 845 ) . This can take to disassociate at times. Based on the grounds that bridal struggle adversely influences physiology and wellness. negative impact does impact the hubby besides. The stronger impact of relationship negativeness contributes to the reduced matrimony benefit for work forces besides. Evidence bearing on two accounts for this differential impact of struggle is reviewed. The relational-interdependence position. proposed by Kiecolt-Glaser and Newton ( 473 ) . holds that work forces can be affected by matrimonial struggle because of their more independent self-representations. Work forces do see physiological and psychological responsiveness to marital strife at times. but typically they do busy the more powerful places relative to their married womans. Monin ( 5-6 ) . Research workers have said that gender functions are interesting. In the past. clear gender functions for hubby and married woman had been understood within the context of the matrimony. Today there are fewer clearly defined theoretical accounts for modern-day matrimony gender functions and how these functions ought to be lived out. It must be admitted that in some instances. a deficiency of clear gender functions weakens the matrimony. However. when a hubby and a married woman have the freedom to convey to a matrimony his or her whole ego. and non merely populate a traditional gender function. the American matrimony has been strengthened by feminist theory. It was said old ages ago there is one sort of matrimony that has non been tried and that is a contract made by equal parties to take an equal life. with equal restraints and privileges on either side. â€Å"Treckel says. so far we have had work forces matrimony and nil more† . Treckel ( 1995 ) . Change is non easy. but alteration is go oning. Through instruction. hopefully more people will see the benefits offered to modern-day matrimony by these alterations. A existent common concern among research workers is that work forces allow the married woman take attention of everything. Society has heard gags about â€Å"who wears the bloomerss in the household. † Yet. leading in the place is no riant affair. During the last few decennaries our civilization has redefined the significance and duties of adult male and adult female in society and in the place Martin ( 421 ) . Many work forces are confused and insecure. Many do non cognize how to move in the place. Turning up. they lacked a good theoretical account for leading at place and have no mental image of what it means to take a household. Consequently. they do non take efficaciously. or they do non even seek. Increasingly. many work forces are going passive in the place. They have decided that the easiest thing to make is nil. The simplest thing-with the smallest risk-is to remain on the fencing with both pess steadfastly planted in mid-air and allow the married woman do it. When a adult male is married to a strong married woman who will take over. he frequently lets her bash merely that Nock ( 2 ) . By supplying these surveies there is still a job today in society that work forces themselves think the married woman in a matrimony should take control. They figure they work so the married woman can keep down the garrison. Mentally there is no existent scientific grounds that states why a adult male feels this manner in his head. If there are traveling to be responsible parties in a matrimony it should be both. It takes two to run a family and makes things run swimmingly Christian ( 34 ) . Research workers said by speaking to people. adult females would non accomplish equal chances at work until their work forces folk contributed more to looking after the place. Gender inequalities in all countries are rooted in societal constructions. They are besides in 1s attitude. It is hard to see how adult females will of all time hold the same chances in the labour market if equality at place is non achieved Yu ( 651-668 ) . In a big group of work forces and adult females were asked about mundane jobs. such as the wash. cleansing. cooking nutrient. shopping. looking after ill relations and transporting out fixs. But work forces merely made a important part by repairing defective points around the house. At least two-thirds of adult females said it was normally them who carried out the other undertakings. lifting to eighty five per centum for making the wash. More than half of work forces and even more adult females. seven out of 10. agreed that work forces should draw their weight more. Similar proportions besides believed that work forces should besides be more involved in looking after kids. About three in four grownups said it was right for both work forces and adult females to work to convey in money. Kalmijn ( 26 ) . But merely eight per centum believed that female parents of the under-fives should be in full-time occupations. About half thought that pre-school childs were likely to lose out if their female parents worked and that household life suffered when adult females had full-time occupations. This month. it emerged that female parents who stay at place to look after kids under five were in the minority for the first clip Yapp ( 56 ) . By reading the surveies about matrimony and work forces drawing their weight. twosomes must be able to trust on each other to turn to undertakings and duties. Many twosomes early on enter the matrimony with the belief that the other will automatically cognize what is expected. The Trouble is. both likely clasp different sentiments as to the outlooks of the other. It is hard for twosomes to draw their weight when they do non cognize what the other individual may be believing. This is like get downing a new occupation without cognizing anything about the occupation. It does non count who cleans around the house. how fundss are handled. or how the food markets are obtained. discourse what is to be expected in the beginning. In decision Judy Brady’s â€Å"I Want a Wife† told a narrative of a coveted married woman. The coveted married woman in her narrative seemed to be the caput of the house. This was unfortunate due to her hubby. In Brady’s oculus a hubby should be the caput of the family. Most adult females in a matrimony merely want things to be shared every bit. All Brady is stating is that work forces need to make their portion. In life every twenty-four hours we experience gender issues. This is experienced from place to work. This gender has become a label. Womans and work forces experience gender side effects every twenty-four hours. Gender relates to society. Expectations in a matrimony demand to be between two married people and non one sided.

buy custom Learning Statements essay

buy custom Learning Statements essay Collaborate with senior management in formulating the corporate goals and objectives through strategic planning sessions in order to accommodate projected areas necessitating growth and improvement, such as space budgeting and barriers to service provision. Synthesize staff performance via data gathered by means such as direct observation, regular supervision sessions, considering employees feedback and client surveys, in order to complete annual performance evaluations and formally recognize the staff strengths, areas that need improvement, their accomplishments and setting future performance goals. Report information on the types of service delivered, formulate the clientele statistics and measure various changes within the Family Support on a quarterly basis so as to meet accreditation standards, satisfy funding sources and measure budget resource so as to plan for the remaining fiscal year. Create opportunity for staff to determine a working knowledge of SPEC policies and procedures through early orientation and regular supervision and in-service training, during regular weekly staff meetings, which acts as part of ongoing education and also ensures that the staff members are updated on all policies and procedures to meet optimal service delivery. Consult with staff members on best practices such as staff members displaying a positive way when engaging a client, while at the same time, keeping the overall best interests of the SPEC association in mind in order to ensure SPEC, as a whole, benefits from these identified best practices. Assess staffs requirements within Family Support Services by reviewing client hours per staff member to make decisions on whether staff caseload remains within agreed hours on a weekly and monthly basis. Respond to immediate and long term circumstances by exceed clients hours from threshold, introducing casual staff on their duties, establishing client wait lists for referrals whereby new clients are introducing only when caseloads has room for such and advocating for more fulltime staff to alleviate ongoing caseload overages. Discuss various issues with staff as soon as they arise, for instance, when opinion or bias is reflected in staff contact notes, to provide clarity and understanding and encourage staff to learn and respond effectively to a clients needs, ensuring their interactions are free from personal bias or opinions. Ensure that the staffs are doing well by embracing a constructive work ethics, and celebrating achievements with clients in order to maintain a healthy working environment. Every employee should value each staff members areas of strengths and delegate job orders accordingly. For example, if a staff enjoys working with youth and seems to build rapport easily with the youth, assigning the staff with youth clientele provides an opportunity for success. Teach the staffs through in-services on various identified topics such as custody and access orders, where deeper understanding is needed to give staff the opportunity to learn and expand their knowledge base Empower and support the staff by providing regular bi-weekly supervision, attending case conferences with staff, reviewing and revising staff documentation, and designing clear supervision guidelines and questions to provide feedback and suggestions, thereby, gathering inputs into daily practice and activities to evaluate strengths and opportunity for growth. Debrief the staffs enabling them to processing their feelings, doubts and questions on specific cases when confronted with a decision of the courts and appears to be in contradiction to what the staff believe is in the best interests of a child, to ensure that the staff feels supported in their work. Lead in the development of the local Gas City Foster Parent Association, to provide a mechanism for fostering parents to engage in discussion, advocacy and problem-solving with Children Services. Organize and chair meetings, identifying the objectives to be covered, purpose, timeframe and the participants. This ensures that the outcomes of the committee are accomplished. Compile the plans arising from discussions so that the committee can be effective in staying on task.. Collaboration with various agencies to identify shared goals, on which we can work together such as approaching the Alberta Foster Parent Association and propose establishment of a local association in order to nurture a liaison between the childrens services and families in the area. Inspire the delivery of service that is more adjusted to the experience of foster families throughout the province by introducing the Foster Family Feedback tool to the Provincial Foster Parent Association. Seek to understand the perception of each staff in order to stimulate and motivate them to work, not only more efficiently, but also effectively, for example staffs will respond well to a supervisor who recognizes their needs and meets then on their first encounter and then deals with those concerns needing discussions. Encourage a healthy open communication between staff s and their supervisors. Also, create an environment where staff can come together and mediate forum for an opportunity to solve conflict and to empower staff to be solution focused when an opportunity for growth and clarity, understanding or concern arises. Recognise that conflict resolution offers an opportunity to growth, thus, strengthening the bond between parties, and provides an opportunity to debate issues in a safe, respectful manner. Take each staff as a whole person having needs outside their work place and thus, give them an opportunity to meet those needs (e.g. unit goes away on training, staff misses their child at home, giving them a day off when they return from training to spend time with their child) so as to encourage a happy devoted productive staff. In partnership with the CEO, Area Manager and Foster Support Supervisor, discuss collaboration between Case Workers and Foster Parents by organizing a team building event with case workers and foster parents. Follow up the implementation of the ideas brought forward to ensure continued partnership. Develop a positive relationship and connections with Children Services and Family Support Staff through regular meetings in order to collaborate and have a shared clientele and also ensure team building and understanding of one anothers role on the teams goal performance. As a supervisor, activate and empower the Family Support team since your responsibility is to empower the staff you lead by giving support, guidance, leadership and positively organize their team. Co-chair the established of a committee to develop a conference. Foster an environment that values every members ideas and suggestions; certifying that all feel a part of the planning and goals. Each member should sense his value and self-esteem in decision making and encourage involvement in the direction of the committee; giving opportunity to branch off into sub-committees to create a successful participative environment. Meet with other community stakeholders and plan a conference by developing a budget. Line up the speakers, the venue and location and recruited volunteers needed to give other professionals in the Human Service a full professional development opportunity. Deliver services by working as a collaborative team member where you work together and shared goals such as delivery of medication, assessment of risks and response to crisis. That is, in a response to crisis situation, a member would lead the interventions and be ready to step in if the other becomes a part of the clients delusion or the client perceives the other as a threat. To effectively deliver our services to the clientele, each team member has to be in tune with the others behaviour and communication. Apply an altruistic approach by treating all workmates as human beings and view the organisation as one whole unselfishly considering each others feelings and opinions, which leads to a more productive work environment, because the staff feel considered and valued. For example, if a staff calls in tired one morning, due to a restless sleep, allow them to rest and come in later much better and more productive. Always employ the generalist practice approach when working with staff and the people you serve to inform practice that is dedicated on improving the social and physical environment since the human behaviour is directly connected to the social and physical environment a person resides in and is affected by. Provide an opportunity for improvement in a person served and staffs behaviour arising from their social and physical environment. Evaluate the merit, worth, and significance using criteria found against the best practice standards of what skills and resources that best fit a situation, and apply them. Provide services and support for the client and staff. This creates the ability to be a change agent by supporting the person served through planned change, which is effective, planned intervention, decisive choice that gets the client from where they are to where they need to be, based on proven methods of success. Understand the framework that applies to an individual interaction, like risk assessment, whenworking with a suicidal client compared to working with a client in need of advocacy and referral to community resources. Apply the Meta theory of development to practice which focus on the attachment at their developmental stages, and how the damaged attachment affects other avenues of life, relationship and the capacity to become viable citizens of society. With this knowledge engaging a client is easier, when the client is engaged the chances of success increase. Implementing learned skills to interactions with children and adults gives vital skills to enhance a rapport and engage in a helping relationship with individuals. Invite feedback on challenges and successes to service delivery within Family Support from front line workers in order to relay staff input to the management team. This is done during strategic operational planning to ensure the changing needs and the clients demographics we serve are reflected in organizational direction. Implement feedback and recommendation raised from the policy evaluation on how supervisors facilitate their work environment to improve service delivery to clients, e.g. issues regarding staffs dressing code. Provide some information on how court decisions and legislative changes affect practice and influence policy and procedures within the system of Family law and Child and Youth Family Enhancement Act as well as Children Services guiding policy and procedures The Children Services guiding policy and procedures assist others in understanding how to improve their own responses to systemic challenges they are faced with. By first educating oneself on course material, identify target audience like instructing a parenting course (one course for parents of children under six years of age and another for parents of children over six years of age). Prepare power point presentation, handouts and worksheets. Organize location dates and time of course. Advertise course offered to public through other community agencies. Prepare lesson plans for every session, accept registrants. Finally, deliver the skills and knowledge of parenting to those expectant or parents of young children. This is in a bid to prevent child abuse by inspiring positive parenting techniques. Support and give guidance to colleagues to advocate and intervene against work place bullying. Pursue grievance procedures, become a union steward, educate yourself on policy and procedures and write to Health Board of directors and to human resources regarding abuse. Encouraged all colleagues to report any abuse and observe ongoing subtle harassment and abuse in the workplace. This should be prevented by enacting changes on the system. Utilize evidence based practice means by applying proven methods of success such as Outcomes Based Service Delivery Model, arising from the National Child Welfare Outcomes Based Indicator Matrix. This creates more engagement and collaboration between Government and Agency staff working to achieve positive outcomes for risky children, youth and families. Apply different theories and concepts based on your own professional experience and application by drawing on parts of the approaches that are relevant and proven to work when relating with your client. This is more effective when working with unique and intricate populations. (E.g. best practices are based on a group of knowledge such as Enhancement policy, legislation, Child, Youth and Family Enhancement Act (CYFEA), Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA), general laws that relate and effect family, Social Work Code of ethics with the added evidence based practice that is developed through the monitoring of outcomes). Identify the influences that shape your perspective and create understanding and objectivity when hearing and supporting a client from their own perspective. One should reflect by analysing why he/she believes one way is better than the other. Is it because thats the way I do it or is it because it is a proven healthy choice? By understanding those influences on the clients perspective I can choose which theory benefits and how the outcome of applying a theory will affect the person served (e.g. narrative theory verses reality therapy). Ask and understand when a client identifies their perspectives as you know how to approach them and advance their trust and relationship. Determine the areas and strengths that need improvement for the client and their family (e.g. Assessing Resiliency Questionnaire and Family assessment tool). Based on these findings, determine the best approach to employ among the following models: general practice, eclectic model, psychoanalytical theory talk therapy, and social cognitive learning theory among others. Conceptualize the theories as best practice and others as inferior to others. Assess the service needed, e.g. Assessing Resiliency Questionnaire and Family assessment tool. These would determine the strengths and areas needing improvement for the client and their family. Based on these findings determines the best approach to employ (e.g. general practice model, eclectic model, psychoanalytical theory talk therapy, social cognitive learning theory). In conclusion, what appears to work best and which ones seem to fall short is based on best practices as they are proven methods. Discovering and conveying theories when applied that are forward moving that do not result in futility. You should recognize that clear communication amongst the care teams directly influences the level of services provided to clients. Develop some in-service training focused on perceptions in order to encourage staff to be mindful of their own perspectives and respect the perspectives of others as they interact. Develop an instrument for Foster Families to offer feedback on case workers they have worked with to complement the feedback already gathered routinely from Case workers regarding Foster Families in order to gather an overall picture of service delivery. Assess the comments gathered from feedback tools (completed by foster families and case workers) to identify areas of strength and weaknesses where improvements in service delivery need to be implemented such as increasing compliance with conventional policy by caseworkers, regarding the distribution and placement of the packages. Educate the staff on self- understanding giving them an insight on why one person is prompted by one event and not the other giving them the capacity to be developed and motivated. Self-awareness means knowing oneself at a deep level. This includes everything in us that is unconscious, undeveloped, repressed, and denied. Without this deep awareness of who we are, these ignored feelings can surface in actions later and cause conflicts. It enhances service delivery and the work environment by giving clarity to the differences each person comes with. This improves motivation, cultivation of skill and development of opportunities for staff. Implement affective strategies for continued self-awareness including giving opportunity for growth and awareness to staff and to self as frequently as possible to ensure clarity of perspective for better understanding and knowledge of others perspectives. Educate others by informal verbal conversations, in-service forums, e-mail documentation or video clips, together with statistics and evidence base findings on understanding attachment and the effects of damaged attachments to ensure people who seem to be a lost cause, get that chance to be recovered, to be helped as they do not understand their brokenness. Give them the key to heal their brokenness as this is a key to their success. Develop human services first from the religious belief to help others. Then gradually out of a need for societal support, when children were subjected to child labour, other families struggled to meet the needs of their families, and homelessness became more apparent. As industrialization and urbanization developed, the need for support for disadvantaged families through the changes was increased. Established human services educational options using charity workers and theoretical frameworks. Participate in activities that restore the value of a just society by backing the legislative process as a part of approach, reduced the gap in the human service field. Advocate for the rights of populations that may be marginalized by making sure those who qualify for government services have an access to them in a way that is fair to them and taxpayers. This also ensured that the services were delivered to those who need them most. To better understand the changing needs of our persons served and to recognize those changes so we can change our services to suite the changing needs of the population we serve, gather statistical data on age, gender, family dynamics, culture, immigration and reasons for closure monthly, quarterly and annually. Understand the different supports that interlink human service fields. One agency can support the person with housing problem, another with mental health and another with finance, yet another with parenting and advocacy, as well as one to assist with issues of addiction. It is imperative and crucial to have all these different agencies that meet particular needs, having them collaborate and interlink is crucial. Recognize the need for homeless shelters, as it is well documented, and community stakeholders have come together to establish an action plan. Human services also play an important role that has evolved over time to help people of all races, ages, and gender to meet the basic needs to live a sustainable life. Create a functional strategy in relation to the policies applied within the SPEC Association. With regards to the management of people within, it guarantees achieving the departmental goals. This involves the review of staffs job performance to ensuring they are adhering to the Associations policy and procedures over service delivery, ethical conduct and professionalism. Evaluate and revise the employees orientation binder on Family Support section annually to keep it current with the needs of the clients you serve. Introduce a process to engage a translator to enhance communication. Develop an in-service on self awareness and actualization to educate staff on how understand better their response to change of circumstances. Self awareness gives the staff the capacity to develop a disciplined use of self; this capacity surpasses self in the service of others with the ability to put aside ones own traditions, culture, practices, values and bias. And support the person they serve in a way that would make them feel supported, and not what would make the staff feel supported. This intentional self-awareness practice is important in the ability to work professionally. Advocate for competence that is based learning. This is achieved by seeking my staff and to attend relevant professional development training programs that are meant to gain further knowledge and skills to meet the population served. Contribute to continuous professionalism within the Human service sector by seeking and expecting accountability, this is because we are an accredited body accountable to that professional body. We are required to adhere to standard of excellence in practice and service delivery criteria. Seek continued knowledge on new and better ways to advocate and continue to deliver services at a high standard of professionalism that is current with the needs of the populations we serve. Ensure the utilization of Freedom of Information and Protection (FOIP) of Privacy Act by utilizing the consent for service and release of information, as agreed and signed before staffs are hired or a person served receives services. The reason for this is to protect the rights of person served and staff. Display your personality as well as ethical standards and conducts professionally. Apply your knowledge of the Social Work Code of Ethics to your behaviours and attitudes that are based on the set of values that exceed the professional standards expected. Your should have integrity by exhibiting these consistencies in character and truths, Initiate development of official documentation templates such as supervisory supports questionnaires for staffs, affirmation of confidentiality document that outlines ethics within the workplace. These reflect the SPEC associations workplace code of conduct and social work code of ethics so that adherence to professional practice standards occurred more efficiently and effectively. Demonstrate and promote positive values and ethics by exhibiting empathy and concern for others perception on a situation or a certain circumstance. By self knowledge and recognizing others feelings and views with comprehension, discernment and care, the goal is achieved. With a receptive mindset to new ideas and arguments, often unprejudiced, it allows for positive interaction and working relationships to develop and flourish. Demonstrate ethical conduct in all interactions. Understand helping relationships by upholding professional ethics to effectively deliver a supportive helping relationship to persons served. Through the knowledge of ethical standards of practice, seek and devour all understanding on ethical standards of practice, policies and procedures. This helps a person with the capacity to critically evaluate the determined areas that may need change so as to relate in a professional objective approach. Seek continually to understand the psyche of each staff by developing in-services on self awareness and self actualization to better understand ones response to changes, thus, motivating and stimulating staff to work more effectively. Always endeavour to communicate with a high level of self-awareness. Understanding your personal communication styles and seeking to understand when in conversation with others optimizes good and lasting rapport with colleagues, staff and clientele. Seek skill development by understanding yourself, your supervisory skills and thus, seek skills development. Also, identify situations where one will be most effective. This assists with intuitive decision making, and aids in stress reduction and motivation of others. Always self-reflect. Reflection on actions done and review affects those actions that engage in a process of continued learning of a person. Self-awareness helps in becoming more understanding and professional. Be opportunistic by planning ahead of a service such as having role playing discussion with a youth, before actual meeting with that youth. Discuss and prepare for better practices and approaches. Preserve peaceful correlation between what the policy dictates and how the service is delivered by regular evaluation of policy, procedures and guidelines. For better service delivery, utilize a forward moving method of implementing surveys and third party consultation about optimum service delivery structure and financial disbursement. This is done in order to guarantee flow and a forward moving autonomy. Communicate SPEC policies by representing staff expectations and predicted outcomes regarding service delivery to the board since this would facilitate teaching opportunities with staff, and advising staff of changes so that staff can be collaboratively be involved. Interpret policies and procedures to staff and clientele in order to equip them with the knowledge and understanding of how policy and procedures directly affect them. This ensures that the common goals and their achievement can be jointly established. Apply framework that have shown benefits to staffs and customers as a tool to best integrate learning with practices. Interpret policy by reading and delivering interpretation of policy to staffs and the clients. This is done because some policies are difficult to understand. Interpretation should be done consistently. Create a learning plan with specific strategies to be achieved. This is done with an annual follow ups between staff and supervisor during the staffs annual evaluation. This enables creation of accountability between staff and supervisor. Advocate for financial backing that is needed for staff in identified training needs. This is achieved by presenting skill development opportunities with fee break-down to financial administrator. Enhance job satisfaction and development of staff as a major source of obtaining and maintaining a competitive advantage. Strategically build up professional development opportunities during the management meetings. Always seek in house talents, free in-service opportunities that have staff present information gained from a workshop or conference they attended, and bring in training, such as Mental Health First Aid, to gain more opportunities for professional development. Coordinate a writing campaign by drafting a letter to the appropriate ministry regarding the concerns in question. This brings clarity to those concerned and draws attention to issue demanding changes. Frequently advocate and inform the interested stakeholders on happenings that affect them and advocate for collective actions, for instance, request attendance at a city council meeting or send an e-mail to our Member of Parliament or legislative assembly member. As a collective organisation, the objective is strengthened, the knowledge and efforts are combined to reach a common goal. Always report legislation going before parliament and/or the senate to others to ensure a proper advocacy is done for or against revisions of the policy to alter the voting pattern. This is done in order to ensure public interest is considered in law changes or revisions. Facilitate spreading knowledge and understanding on the laws and how particular changes in the laws affect every person. By using multi-media, direct mail, websites or in-person conversations, inform and educate others. It is always good to engage them in the importance of being politically informed. Gather interest from all stakeholders, like the Foster families, to see if a local association is necessary, through a phone and mail campaign. The reason behind this is to be utilized as a vehicle to share concerns and collaborate on solutions. Advocate for the people served. For example, if there is a need for affordable housing, support the person served by gathering relevant documents and accompanying them for appointment with the affordable housing agency. This ensures peoples served needs are securely met. Represent a collective group of people at a meeting to describe the items requiring resolution or change, e.g. meeting with Children Services CEO, Office Manager and support supervisor to discuss items brought forward when a survey was distributed and completed by foster parents. Ensure that you come to resolution or an agreed upon change. Buy custom Learning Statements essay

Henry David Thoreaus Thoughts on Love

Henry David Thoreau's Thoughts on Love Henry David Thoreau is thought of by many as Americas supreme nature writer and is most famous Walden, his book of observations and intermingled philosophy about the time he spent living on Walden Pond near Concord, Massachusetts. But he had thoughts to share about many other things, as this essay reveals. This work, originally titled Love and Friendship, was culled from a letter Thoreau wrote to a friend in September 1852. It was first published in the collection Letters to Various Persons (1865), edited by Ralph Waldo Emerson, Thoreaus friend and mentor. Biographer Robert D. Richardson Jr. says that despite the essays faults (sentimental language, overblown idealizing, and choppy, unsure paragraphing), Love is refreshing in its desire to avoid sentimental cant. Love What the essential difference between man and woman is, that they should be thus attracted to one another, no one has satisfactorily answered. Perhaps we must acknowledge the justness of the distinction which assigns to man the sphere of wisdom and to woman that of love, though neither belongs exclusively to either. Man is continually saying to woman, Why will you not be more wise? Woman is continually saying to man, Why will you not be more loving? It is not in their wills to be wise or to be loving; but, unless each is both wise and loving, there can be neither wisdom nor love. All transcendent goodness is one, though appreciated in different ways, or by different senses. In beauty we see it, in music we hear it, in fragrance, we scent it, in the palatable the pure palate tastes it, and in rare health, the whole body feels it. The variety is in the surface or manifestation, but the radical identity we fail to express. The lover sees in the glance of his beloved the same beauty that in the sunset paints the western skies. It is the same daimon, here lurking under a human eyelid, and there under the closing eyelids of the day. Here, in small compass, is the ancient and natural beauty of evening and morning. What loving astronomer has ever fathomed the ethereal depths of the eye? The maiden conceals a fairer flower and sweeter fruit than any calyx in the field; and, if she goes with averted face, confiding in her purity and high resolves, she will make the heavens retrospective, and all nature humbly confess its queen. Under the influence of this sentiment, man is a string of an Aeolian harp, which vibrates with the zephyrs of the eternal morning. There is at first thought something trivial in the commonness of love. So many Indian youths and maidens along these banks have in ages past yielded to the influence of this great civilizer. Nevertheless, this generation is not disgusted nor discouraged, for love is no individuals experience; and though we are imperfect mediums, it does not partake of our imperfection; though we are finite, it is infinite and eternal; and the same divine influence broods over these banks, whatever race may inhabit them, and perchance still would, even if the human race did not dwell here. Perhaps an instinct survives through the intensest actual love, which prevents entire abandonment and devotion, and makes the most ardent lover a little reserved. It is the anticipation of change. For the most ardent lover is not the less practically wise, and seeks a love which will last forever. Considering how few poetical friendships there are, it is remarkable that so many are married. It would seem as if men yielded too easy an obedience to nature without consulting their genius. One may be drunk with love without being any nearer to finding his mate. There is more of good nature than of good sense at the bottom of most marriages. But the good nature must have the counsel of the good spirit or Intelligence. If common sense had been consulted, how many marriages would never have taken place; if uncommon or divine sense, how few marriages such as we witness would ever have taken place! Our love may be ascending or descending. What is its character, if it may be said of it We must respect the souls above,But only those below we love. Love is a severe critic. Hate can pardon more than love. They who aspire to love worthily, subject themselves to an ordeal more rigid than any other. Is your friend such a one that an increase of worth on your part will surely make her more your friend? Is she retained is she attracted by more nobleness in you by more of that virtue which is peculiarly yours, or is she indifferent and blind to that? Is she to be flattered and won by your meeting her on any other than the ascending path? Then duty requires that you separate from her. Love must be as much a light as a flame. Where there is not discernment, the behavior even of the purest soul may in effect amount to coarseness. A man of fine perceptions is more truly feminine than a merely sentimental woman. The heart is blind, but Love is not blind. None of the gods is so discriminating. In Love Friendship the imagination is as much exercised as the heart; and if either is outraged the other will be estranged. It is commonly the imagination which is wounded first, rather than the heart, it is so much the more sensitive. Comparatively, we can excuse any offense against the heart, but not against the imagination. The imagination knows nothing escapes its glance from out its eyry and it controls the breast. My heart may still yearn toward the valley, but my imagination will not permit me to jump off the precipice that debars me from it, for it is wounded, its wings are dipt, and it cannot fly, even descendingly. Our blundering hearts! some poet says. The imagination never forgets; it is a remembering. It is not foundationless, but most reasonable, and it alone uses all the knowledge of the intellect. Love is the profoundest of secrets. Divulged, even to the beloved, it is no longer Love. As if it were merely I that loved you. When love ceases, then it is divulged. In our intercourse with one we love, we wish to have answered those questions at the end of which we do not raise our voice; against which we put no interrogation-markanswered with the same unfailing, universal aim toward every point of the compass. I require that thou knowest everything without being told anything. I parted from my beloved because there was one thing which I had to tell her. She  questioned  me. She should have known all by sympathy. That I had to tell it her was the difference between usthe misunderstanding. A lover never hears anything that is  told, for that is commonly either false or stale; but he hears things taking place, as the sentinels heard Trenck mining in the ground, and thought it was moles. The relation may be profaned in many ways. The parties may not regard it with equal sacredness. What if the lover should learn that his beloved dealt in incantations and philters! What if he should hear that she consulted a clairvoyant! The spell would be instantly broken. If to chaffer and higgle are bad in trade, they are much worse in Love. It demands directness as of an arrow. There is danger that we lose sight of what our friend is absolutely while considering what she is to us alone. The lover wants no partiality. He says, be so kind as to be just. Canst thou love with thy mind,And reason with thy heart?Canst thou be kind,And from thy darling part?Canst thou range earth, sea, and air,And so meet me everywhere?Through all events I will pursue thee,Through all persons I will woo thee. I need thy hate as much as thy love. Thou wilt not repel me entirely when thou repellest what is evil in me. Indeed, indeed, I cannot tell,Though I ponder on it well,Which were easier to state.All my love or all my hate.Surely, surely, thou wilt trust meWhen I say thou doth disgust me.O I hate thee with a hateThat would fain annihilate;Yet, sometimes, against my will,My dear Friend, I love thee still.It were treason to our love,And a sin to God above,One iota to abateOf a pure, impartial hate. It is not enough that we are truthful; we must cherish and carry out high purposes to be truthful about. It must be rare, indeed, that we meet with one to whom we are prepared to be quite ideally related, as she to us. We should have no reserve; we should give the whole of ourselves to that society; we should have no duty aside from that. One who could bear to be so wonderfully and beautifully exaggerated every day. I would take my friend out of her low self and set her higher, infinitely higher, and  there  know her. But, commonly, men are as much afraid of love as of hate. They have lower engagements. They have near ends to serve. They have not imagination enough to be thus employed about a human being but must be coopering a barrel, forsooth. What a difference, whether, in all your walks, you meet only strangers, or in one house is one who knows you, and whom you know. To have a brother or a sister! To have a gold mine on your farm! To find diamonds in the gravel heaps before your door! How rare these things are! To share the day with youto people the earth. Whether to have a god or a goddess for companion in your walks or to walk alone with hinds and villains and carles. Would not a friend enhance the beauty of the landscape as much as a deer or hare? Everything would acknowledge and serve such a relation; the corn in the field, and the cranberries in the meadow. The flowers would bloom, and the birds sing, with a new impulse. There would be more fair days in the year. The object of love expands and grows before us to eternity until it includes all that is lovely, and we become all that can love.

HR practices and policies with the organizations culture or business Assignment

HR practices and policies with the organizations culture or business objectives - Assignment Example 6). Another part of its culture is the radical drama that imbues every consumer wherein the aroma of the Starbucks coffee products would seem to hallucinate the consumer’s minds to be stimulated with its fragrance. The drama of the coffee is not a drama at all; it is for real that it makes the consumers taste the coffee as satisfying that could make the consumers gratified for it with the transparent service of Starbuck crews. This would go along to how Colquitt, LePine, and Wesson (2012) described the workers as the one who are responsible to actively answer and take the concerns of the customers with energy, enthusiasm, and zest. Starbucks place is well-soothing and environmental friendly as it seems that it dwells in every heart of consumers who find their service amazing (Batchelor & Krister, 2012). Michelli (2007) has been great in explaining that Starbucks has continued to become â€Å"extraordinary† in which the culture has been shaped with its own perspective an d principle that includes the unique concepts that the company engages, how every little thing matters to the company (the suggestions and opinions of others that could make the company more improved), how the customers would be enlightened, and how the company would switch on the attention of its flaws in order to minimize and diminish the factors that could hamper to its own success. In a specific manner, Starbucks induces the privilege of making their strategic business centralized unto the satisfaction of what the customers truly need. The objective of the Starbucks company is to make their company attractive to the perceptions of the people (Tu, Wang, & Chang, 2012). This could mean that Starbucks wanted to make their brand of names to be lucid enough that could build a lasting rapport to its customers. With this, one could merely say that the company truly upholds the juncture of aiming to be globally known specifically in some parts of Asia, such as

Women in abusive relationships Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Women in abusive relationships - Research Paper Example Abuse in relationships is of varied forms like, sexual assault, physical violence as well as emotional torment. However, there have been intense debates as to why abusive relationships still exist and why others find it hard to give up on their abusive partners. In many instances, studies show women find it hard to put off abusive relationships where they find themselves as victims (Bracken, 2008). Therefore, they make hard decisions to persevere and suffer in silence. The latter has adverse effects to women who find themselves as victims as well as people around her. For instance, her concentration at work is lost and at times, her children may suffer from the emotional setbacks due to their mother. However, women usually have diverse ways of reacting to abusive relationships (Evans, 2010). Among them include various factors which they safeguard if they choose to be out of those relationships like children or desperation (Stark, 2007). However, interventions of such organizations an d programs have not been enough to curb the menace because the statistics are still high. The main question that comes from these results is what is the main solution to curb the vice? Thesis: Various factors lead to intimate partner violence in the world where the female gender usually comprise majority of the victims in those relationships despite preferring to stay in them for varied reasons. As various institutions, programs and organizations to fight the menace continue to increase, the number of women in abusive relationships is significantly quite evident. Hence, prompting the unlikely question that pops up concerning why women involve themselves in abusive relationships (Hatcher, 2013). One would ask what attracts women to relationships where they experience assault. In many circumstances, women find themselves at the receiving end of an abusive spouse mainly because they lack proper financial support on their part. In most cases, women think usually thing of good lifestyle, which they will enjoy and how they stand to benefit from the marriage (Hatcher, 2013). Because of the latter idea, they involve themselves into abusive marriages blindly not knowing of potential repercussions of their actions. Additionally, researchers cite that a spouse who have become victims or witnessed abuse in their family origin, in many instances learn from the menace and become violent to their spouses.(Stark, 2007). However, the theory is also not widely supported because it does not explain how victims of child abuse or partner violence amongst parent end up being violent against their spouses in future. Research done in various countries indicate that there is a persistent increased risk of intimate partner violence among women who have been on the receiving end of child abuse or witnessed abusive relationships among their parents. Scientists explain the latter through PTSD symptoms, which encompasses of childhood trauma (Evans, 2010). Childhood trauma often occurs in t he wake of an abusive relationship and often combined with depression, which may make it more difficult to escape from an abusive relationship once it occurs (Bracken, 2008). Scientists also show that PTSD or depression may lead to decrease in the ability for someone to recognize and respond to signals of danger. The mental distortion in most cases puts these women at risk of future victimization thus decreasing their chances of escaping after being with an abusive partner. This implies women who are victims of childhood trauma may not only be targets of partner abuse by spouses but also tend to be more likely to

Critical analysis essay Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critical analysis essay - Dissertation Example The book is a historical work that uses statistical data as reference for representing views and opinion. The presentation of data in the book is narrative and creative but the data incorporated are comprehensive information and considered historically important in nature (Yergin and Stanislaw ch.5; 14). Based on the date presented, the book can be viewed as both historically and economically essential. The authors Yergin and Stanislaw presented a different perspective on the various concepts in the market through their own definition of terms such as globalization etc. Globalization is perceived as the periods of domination of free markets and is positive based on the effect it can bring about to the standard of living of the people. In addition the authors believe in the accomplishments and importance of capitalism (Yergin and Stanislaw ch.13). The views and opinions of the authors are evident in the book. This can be considered as an indication that the book is meant to make a sta tement and not a historical narrative.

Marin education fund scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Marin education fund scholarship - Essay Example I do not regret this arrangement because I am fully convinced that it is my duty to support my parents who have worked really hard to raise me and my siblings. I am a responsible person who is focused on whatever he does, and I work with dedication and sincerity. Though my family could not offer me the opportunities many of my schoolmates had, we believe in standing for each other in times of need and we stick together as a unit. Though this demands some responsibility, I consider this phase of life as a learning experience in remaining truthful to one’s priorities and goals. I would like to pursue my studies and expand my chances of getting a better job that would meet the increasing demands of my family as my parents are getting older. My father is working harder than he should, but he maintains a calm and affectionate disposition amidst physical ailments like severe back pain. Being the youngest son in the family, I am supposed to stay with the family and look after my parents. Even though my present work provides some support, I realize that I need to earn more in the future. Moreover, I have a strong desire to pursue my studies. I had been genuinely interested in all the subjects I studies for my High School. I had relatively good aptitude Biology. My ambition is to develop a career in pharmacy, and would like to join a college course that would help me fulfill my dream. My family needs me to join college as soon as possible. They are worried that I am working hard at the moment, and my father keeps reminding me that I could have a career and living standards only if I focus on my education at the moment. I decided to start working soon after finishing school because I realized how hard my parents amidst their disabilities to look after the house and educate me. I believe I would be able to do justice to my studies because I am strongly motivated to be of help to my family. If I am

Leadership in the NHS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Leadership in the NHS - Essay Example It is in this regard that application of the effective leadership quality is necessary to upgrade the operational skills of the employees and to achieve the desired objectives. Emphasizing similar value attributes concerning its leadership roles, the Local’s Children’s Centre hosts an interactive session with respect to the progress of wean process as a measure to reduce obesity rates among children. This initiative has been undertaken by the NHS to create awareness amidst the society with respect to child obesity and its dreadful implications. The study intends to discuss about the various measures undertaken by National Health Services (NHS) to ensure about the nutritional benefits to the society, especially the children (Bevan, 2012). In addition, the NHS healthcare service organization attempts to practice various leadership qualities in order to manage the change with respect to the wean process that results in childhood obesity. Accordingly, the study discusses about the various initiatives been undertaken by NHS to create awareness within the society with respect to the nutritional benefits. NHS needs to mitigate various changes, likely to occur while transforming the traditional processes pertaining to weaning into progressive for deriving better nutritional benefits for reducing the risks of childhood obesity. In general, the ‘weaning’ process conveys about the process of involving the nutritional, biochemical and immunological adjustments by providing complementary food items in the child’s diet. Contextually, it has been noted that the breast-milk has been traditionally perceived as the most essential as nutritional food diet for infants. Traditionally, the children in their early years were provided only with breast milk. Feeding breast milk to the children has always been considered as the best source of providing nutrition. However, changes observed in the lifestyle choices in recent scenario have apparently influenced the

Marin education fund scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Marin education fund scholarship - Essay Example I do not regret this arrangement because I am fully convinced that it is my duty to support my parents who have worked really hard to raise me and my siblings. I am a responsible person who is focused on whatever he does, and I work with dedication and sincerity. Though my family could not offer me the opportunities many of my schoolmates had, we believe in standing for each other in times of need and we stick together as a unit. Though this demands some responsibility, I consider this phase of life as a learning experience in remaining truthful to one’s priorities and goals. I would like to pursue my studies and expand my chances of getting a better job that would meet the increasing demands of my family as my parents are getting older. My father is working harder than he should, but he maintains a calm and affectionate disposition amidst physical ailments like severe back pain. Being the youngest son in the family, I am supposed to stay with the family and look after my parents. Even though my present work provides some support, I realize that I need to earn more in the future. Moreover, I have a strong desire to pursue my studies. I had been genuinely interested in all the subjects I studies for my High School. I had relatively good aptitude Biology. My ambition is to develop a career in pharmacy, and would like to join a college course that would help me fulfill my dream. My family needs me to join college as soon as possible. They are worried that I am working hard at the moment, and my father keeps reminding me that I could have a career and living standards only if I focus on my education at the moment. I decided to start working soon after finishing school because I realized how hard my parents amidst their disabilities to look after the house and educate me. I believe I would be able to do justice to my studies because I am strongly motivated to be of help to my family. If I am

Experience economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Experience economy - Essay Example Commerce includes all those activities, which are connected with trade and auxiliaries to trade such as transport, warehousing, insurance and banking and finance. Trade involves buying and selling of goods and its purpose is to bridge the gap between persons, i.e. the producers and the consumers can concentrate on their own occupations and at the same time buy goods to satisfy their consumption needs. The farmers can both enjoy each other's products with the help of traders. For example there are different types of cotton; jute, hides and skins are supplies to the producers of cotton textiles, gunny bags and shoes respectively. At the same time manufactured goods, which have been produced with the raw materials, are supplied to the consumers. Producers buy raw materials, machinery and equipment as well as stores and spare parts for machinery fro trading agencies and consumers buy practically all articles required for their daily use from traders. Goods are produced on a large scale in anticipation of demand. The markets for products are now spread over the length and breadth of the country and even extended to countries across the international borders. Hence direct sale of goods by the producers to the consumers is not possible. Without the help of traders and merchants engaged in trade it would be impossible for the system of large-scale production to continue. The trader involved in the actual operation of purchasing goods from producers and selling them to consumers. Traders and consumers are interdependent. Importance of trade Trade is of great significance for production as well as consumption of goods. It is through trade that goods produced at particular places are equitably distributed among users. With the help of trade goods are made available to consumers at the time of their need. It removes the hindrance of persons by bringing together producers and consumers who are widely scattered. Advantages of trade Advantages of trade are outlined below: It enables the producers to concentrate on their production activities; otherwise they would have to go in search of consumers for goods they produce. Trade makes goods available to consumers who can concentrate on their own occupations It results in specialization and large-scale production as the markets are now spread over wide territories. Sale of goods from one country and purchase of goods form other countries. It provides avenues of employment to various persons. It increases the standard of living of people as they can avail of goods of various kinds produces by different producers. Distinction between Home trade and foreign trade a. Home trade is concerned with trade between people of the same country while foreign trade is concerned with trade between people of two different countries. b. In home trade the buyer has to pay for the goods in home currency while in foreign trade buyer ha to make payment in foreign currency. c. Payment in home trade is simpler and less time consuming while in foreign trade, payment is not a simple process and hence is more time consuming. d. Home trade is not subject to restrictions, which exist in case of foreign trade such as tariffs, quotas, etc. e. Transport costs are relatively much less in home trade than in foreign trade. Development in different sectors like Information Technology, Steel industry, etc., has resulted a sharp rise in the usage of harmful substances.

Underlying Meanings of Superstitions Essay Example for Free

Underlying Meanings of Superstitions Essay Superstition is thought to be a belief that does not have clear scientific or reasonable evidence to support it. But some superstitions were taught from parents to children orally for a long time. Many superstitions have underlying meanings that contain useful knowledge, so they may be worth telling. One famous Japanese superstition is related to lightning. â€Å"The god of lightning likes humans’ navel, so when you hear thunder, hide your navel in case he steals it.† No one, except some children, believes that literally. Then is it just a silly expression? No, it’s not. I think it is formed for a lazy child who sleeps with their stomach naked. When it thunders, it often starts to rain, and the temperature goes down, so such a child is likely to catch a cold. That is, this phrase teaches lazy children to sleep with their shirt on in case they catch a cold. Another common superstition is â€Å"When removing belly button lint, you will have a stomachache.† This teaches about the stomach. Some studies show that the superstition is wrong, and the black grain is just dirt. It may be told so that children won’t scratch their navel violently. There is little muscle or fat around navel and important organs such as the bowels are just next to thin skin. If a child scratched it violently, a little injury would occur, and various kinds of minor germs would enter their body through the injury. As a result, they would suffer from a stomachache. The superstition may be told to prevent these problems. Finally, the last superstition is a little dirty, but also worthwhile. â€Å"Don’t urinate to earthworm, or your reproductive organ will puff.† I used to urinate on the street; however, I never experienced that my manly symbol puffed. It is also superstition that contains underlying meanings. The purpose of this superstition may be to advise against urinating on the street, because it may cause infection of the various kinds of minor germs, or humans have to express gratitude to earthworm, which gives nutrition to fields. In conclusion, there are a lot of superstitions in the world, but it is wrong to judge them as silly expressions just because they don’t have a clear scientific or reasonable basis. However, they often contain important underlying lessons. They are worthwhile to be taken over to next generation.

Gender Differences In Aspects Of English Language Use

Gender Differences In Aspects Of English Language Use Language is largely influenced by socialization, shaped by conditioning and constant reinforcement. When parents speak to children they address boys and girls in different ways. In general, girls are treated more gently and spoken to more softly. Boys are encouraged to play roughly, to make a noise and to be expressive, but not to cry. Girls are encouraged to be less rowdy and may cry but not shout. They are discouraged from expressing anger. For boys, behavioural expectations are reinforced with expressions like You throw like a girl, and Big boys dont cry. As children develop, these differences begin to show more clearly in language. They become part of the communication style that is there for life. According to Mayor, B (1996, page 64), as they mature girls and boys increasingly differentiate their language use to reflect their gender roles. Girls use more indirect language than boys, and are more likely to modify their speech styles in varying contexts. Studies of childrens play behaviour demonstrate that boys are competitive and confrontational, and concentrate on the physical world, whereas girls are indirect, collaborative and are interested in motives and feelings. (Maybin, 1996 page 19). Generally speaking, boys and men are assertive, independent and objective. Girls and women are submissive, dependent and subjective. Of course, there is a wide range of communication styles and practices within each gender group, with most men and women using various conversation styles depending on the purpose and context, and also whether they are in single sex groups. In mixed company women usually talk less than men, and are more polite. They are less competitive and try to bring others into the conversation. This could be because women are brought up to be deferential to men. They are more hesitant and indirect, use more tag questions (isnt it? dont you think?), more polite forms (could you possibly?) and generally weaker vocabulary (words like lovely and Oh dear). (Maybin, 1996 page 19). Men on the other hand, interrupt more and give less feedback and support. In situations that require formal conversation, such as at conferences, business meetings, or other mixed-gender gatherings, men tend to initiate more of the interaction. Those who talk most are perceived to be leaders. (Coates, 1998, p.469). Amongst themselves, women tend to talk more. They show more concern for the relational aspects of conversation. In exclusively male groups, men tend to focus more on activities than on conversation (Coates, 1998, p.216). Of course, these are generalised descriptions of behaviour, and both sexes are able to modify their styles depending on the context. Maybin (1996, page 19) quotes a study of courtroom language in which high-status, expert female witnesses used masculine speaking styles, whilst lower status male witnesses used female style features. Dr. John Gray (author of Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus) says that women communicate for different reasons than men do. When men talk about problems, they are looking for solutions, whereas when women discuss problems they are sharing their feelings, because they find this therapeutic. In this context what women would like from men is empathy, and not solutions. The table on the following page shows clear differences in communication styles between men and women. Men Women They try to solve problems and troubles They try to match troubles by relating similar negative experiences They have a more analytical approach to problems They have a more emotional approach to problems They are less likely to ask for help. They try to figure things out on their own They are more likely to ask for help and accept it They are more task-oriented (i.e., What is everyone going to do?) They are more maintenance-oriented (i.e., Is everyone all right?) They appear less intuitive and less aware of details They appear more intuitive and more aware of details They have more difficulty in expressing intimate feelings They have less difficulty in expressing intimate feelings They are more apt to yell, shout and swear to release anger They are more apt to cry to release anger They talk more about what they did, where they went and less about relationships with others They talk more about how they feel and more about relationships with others They tend to take verbal rejection less personally They tend to take verbal rejection more personally (Glass, L. (1995) page 49). English has a natural gender, unlike many other languages. (Of course, it was not always so; before 1154, Old English nouns still used the Anglo-Saxon derived genders. (Bryson, B, 1990, page 49)). This means that words like woman, cow, ewe, are feminine because of their biological sex. In the same way, bull, boy and tomcat are masculine. This natural gender refers only to animals and not to objects. Historically, certain professions acquired genders: doctors, lawyers, politicians, engineers, architects and ministers were invariably male. Nurses, nannies and typists tended to be female. Nowadays, all of these professions are correctly gender-free. There are also words with male endings such as chairman, postman and fireman, which now have alternatives: chairperson, postal worker and fire-fighter. Regarding creative writing, women authors have tended to be under represented in most selections of literary texts. Writers such as the Brontà « sisters and Mary Anne Evans had to adopt male noms de plume (respectively Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell, and George Elliot) even to get published. Apart from this gender based discrimination, there is also a strong feeling amongst many writers that the written, literary language itself was for so long a male preserve, that woman writers need their own idiom. In Thomas Hardys Far from the Madding Crowd, the heroine Bathsheba explains that It is difficult for a woman to define her feelings in language which is chiefly made by men to express theirs (Quoted in Menham, R. 1995, page 136). Menham also quotes from Virginia Wolf, who appeals for a new kind of writing that will take the natural shape of a womans thought without crushing or distorting it. In A room of Ones Own she says that the resources of the English language would be much put to t he stretch, and whole flights of words would need to wing their way illegitimately into existence in order for female sensibility to be adequately explored. She also associates maleness with a sterile rationalism and the aims of control and regulation, and femaleness with a fertile indiscipline, spontaneity, plenitude, a creative irrationalism. (Menham, R (1995) page 137). Referring to the work of French theorist Hà ©là ¨ne Cixous, Menham feels that her celebration of womans writing effects a great historical reversal of the traditional strengths and weaknesses of male and female language-use. It gives a positive value to precisely those qualities that men have always derogated in women: hysteria, lack of force, sensitivity. (Menham, R (1995) page 138.) In conclusion, there is no doubt that there are differences in English language use, both in speech and writing, based on gender. Most of these seem to be as a result of socialisation from an early age. The different, traditional gender roles and expectations coloured the way children were raised and educated, and in many respects these influences are still in place. Hopefully, as modern societies eliminate the largely artificial stereotypes of gender based roles and behaviours, we will all be able to experience, and articulate, the full panoply of human emotional and intellectual experience, regardless of gender.